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Articles Posted in Zoning and Land Use Law

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Court Upholds ZBA Decision Including Land Under Water in Lot Area

The Appellate Division upheld as rational a decision by a zoning board which included land under water in calculating lot area and floor area ratio (FAR). In Matter of Henderson v. Zoning Board of Appeals the court concluded that: “the ZBA’s determination that both the proposed construction and the subject…

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Minimal Change In Structure With Approved Area Variance Does Not Justify Denial Of Amended Variances

The denial of an amendment to area variances due to minimal changes in the structure was struck down as inconsistent with the prior decision of a Zoning Board granting area variances. In Matter of Bout v. Zoning Board of Appeals of the Town of Oyster Bay, the Appellate Division noted…

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Village May Not Use Broad Reading Of Restrictive Covenant To Prevent Use

An appellate court upheld a decision finding that a proposed in-ground swimming pool does not violate a restrictive covenant. In Kemp v. Village of Scarsdale the Appellate Division held “the plaintiff established her prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, as the plain language of the restrictive…

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Variance For One Nonconfirming Use Does Not Require Grant Of A Variance For Another Nonconfirming Use

A court denied a use variance to conduct a motorcycle sales operation at a location which previously obtained a use variance to operate an antique furniture store. In Matter of 194 Main Inc. v. Board of Zoning Appeals for Town of North Hempstead, the Appellate Division affirmed the denial of…

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N.Y. Court of Appeals Broadens Test For Vested Right to Non-Conforming Use

In a decision issued today, the New York Court of Appeals reversed the Appellate Division and found that a non-conforming mining operation had attained vested rights in that use. In Glacial Aggregates LLC v. Town of Yorkshire, the Court concluded that the expense of the permitting process, coupled with taking…

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Seventh Circuit Decides Two Substantial Burden Claims Under RLUIPA

In a decision addressing two separate claims of substantial burden under the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA) the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals reached two different conclusions as to the effects of municipal actions on religious groups. In World Outreach Center v. City of Chicago and Trinity…

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Determination to Deny Area Variance Does Not Require Justification in Each of the Five Statutory Factors

The Appellate Division ruled that a zoning board of appeals need not justify the denial of an area variance under all five factors in the balancing test established by Town Law. In Matter of King v/ Town of Islip Zoning Board of Appeals the court upheld the denial of an…

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New York Court of Appeals Finds Zoning Board Abused Its Discretion in Granting Use Variance

The New York Court of Appeals in In the Matter of Edward J. Vomero v City of New York, et al has unanimously held that the City of New York Board of Standards and Appeals abused its discretion in granting a use variance to use residentially-zoned property for commercial use.…

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Failure to Exhaust Adminstrative Remedies Bars Claim for Certificate of Occupancy

In an action to compel issuance of a certificate of occupancy, the Appellate Division upheld the action of a building inspector on the grounds that the property owner had failed to appeal to the zoning board of appeals before starting an action, thereby failing to exhaust its administrative remedies. In…

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Deceitful Conduct May be a Basis for Denial of an Area Variance

The Appellate Division held that under certain circumstances a zoning board may consider deceitful conduct by an applicant in reaching a determination to deny an area variance. In Matter of Caspian Realty, Inc. v Zoning Board of Appeals of the Town of Greenburgh, the court reiterated that a zoning board…